Theme: the overall meaning of a work

	most themes are universal
	you must fead the entire work before you decide what the work is supposed to be about
	Examples: love hate jealousy kindness

Tone: the "attitude" of a work

	this is the actual language an author uses to present a story
	the tone can vary depending on the audience and content
	Examples: happy sad formal humorous

Irony: when the opposite happens from what is expected

Two types of irony: verbal irony: when a character says the opposite of what they mean; for example, a murderer might be kind to the person he is trying to murder so he can't give away his motives dramatic irony: when the audience knows something in the story that a character does not; for example, in the horror movies, usually the audience knows the crazed killer is waiting in the closet, but he unsuspecting schoolboy backs into it just the same, thinking he is actually escaping from the killer